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Quadrupole Illumination A type of off-axis illumination where four circles or arcs of light are used as the source. These four circles are spaced evenly around the optical axis.
Example: Quadrupole illumination is especially useful for improving the depth of focus of small dense lines oriented in the x- or y-directions.
Quantum Efficiency Referring to photoresist exposure, the quantum efficiency is the average number of exposure reaction products produced when one photon is absorbed by the photoreactive species.
Example: Reasonably good photoacid generators show quantum efficiencies of about 0.5.